Refactor state

9 files changed, 256 insertions, 200 deletions

diff --git a/src/exec/context.rs b/src/exec/context.rs
index 3a3eb702..4d351692 100644
--- a/src/exec/context.rs
+++ b/src/exec/context.rs
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@ use std::rc::Rc;
 
 use super::{Exec, ExecWithMap, State};
 use crate::diag::{Diag, DiagSet, Pass};
-use crate::util::EcoString;
 use crate::eval::{ExprMap, Template};
 use crate::geom::{Align, Dir, Gen, GenAxis, Length, Linear, Sides, Size};
 use crate::layout::{
     LayoutNode, LayoutTree, PadNode, PageRun, ParChild, ParNode, StackChild, StackNode,
 };
 use crate::syntax::{Span, SyntaxTree};
+use crate::util::EcoString;
 use crate::Context;
 
 /// The context for execution.
@@ -76,10 +76,10 @@ impl ExecContext {
 
     /// Push text, but in monospace.
     pub fn push_monospace_text(&mut self, text: impl Into<EcoString>) {
-        let prev = Rc::clone(&self.state.text);
-        self.state.text_mut().monospace = true;
+        let prev = Rc::clone(&self.state.font);
+        self.state.font_mut().monospace = true;
         self.push_text(text);
-        self.state.text = prev;
+        self.state.font = prev;
     }
 
     /// Push a word space into the active paragraph.
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ impl ExecContext {
 
     /// Apply a forced paragraph break.
     pub fn parbreak(&mut self) {
-        let amount = self.state.text.par_spacing();
+        let amount = self.state.par_spacing();
         self.stack.finish_par(&self.state);
         self.stack.push_soft(StackChild::Spacing(amount));
     }
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ impl ExecContext {
         ParChild::Text(
             text.into(),
             self.state.aligns.cross,
-            Rc::clone(&self.state.text),
+            Rc::clone(&self.state.font),
         )
     }
 }
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ struct StackBuilder {
 impl StackBuilder {
     fn new(state: &State) -> Self {
         Self {
-            dirs: Gen::new(state.dir, Dir::TTB),
+            dirs: state.dirs,
             children: vec![],
             last: Last::None,
             par: ParBuilder::new(state),
@@ -237,8 +237,8 @@ impl ParBuilder {
     fn new(state: &State) -> Self {
         Self {
             aligns: state.aligns,
-            dir: state.dir,
-            line_spacing: state.text.line_spacing(),
+            dir: state.dirs.cross,
+            line_spacing: state.line_spacing(),
             children: vec![],
             last: Last::None,
         }
diff --git a/src/exec/mod.rs b/src/exec/mod.rs
index ff4faa22..8bac76e8 100644
--- a/src/exec/mod.rs
+++ b/src/exec/mod.rs
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ pub use state::*;
 use std::fmt::Write;
 
 use crate::diag::Pass;
-use crate::util::EcoString;
 use crate::eval::{ExprMap, Template, TemplateFunc, TemplateNode, TemplateTree, Value};
-use crate::geom::{Dir, Gen};
+use crate::geom::Gen;
 use crate::layout::{LayoutTree, StackChild, StackNode};
 use crate::pretty::pretty;
 use crate::syntax::*;
+use crate::util::EcoString;
 use crate::Context;
 
 /// Execute a template to produce a layout tree.
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ impl ExecWithMap for SyntaxNode {
             Self::Space => ctx.push_word_space(),
             Self::Linebreak(_) => ctx.linebreak(),
             Self::Parbreak(_) => ctx.parbreak(),
-            Self::Strong(_) => ctx.state.text_mut().strong ^= true,
-            Self::Emph(_) => ctx.state.text_mut().emph ^= true,
+            Self::Strong(_) => ctx.state.font_mut().strong ^= true,
+            Self::Emph(_) => ctx.state.font_mut().emph ^= true,
             Self::Raw(n) => n.exec(ctx),
             Self::Heading(n) => n.exec_with_map(ctx, map),
             Self::List(n) => n.exec_with_map(ctx, map),
@@ -87,10 +87,10 @@ impl ExecWithMap for HeadingNode {
         ctx.parbreak();
 
         let snapshot = ctx.state.clone();
-        let text = ctx.state.text_mut();
+        let font = ctx.state.font_mut();
         let upscale = 1.6 - 0.1 * self.level as f64;
-        text.size *= upscale;
-        text.strong = true;
+        font.size *= upscale;
+        font.strong = true;
 
         self.body.exec_with_map(ctx, map);
         ctx.state = snapshot;
@@ -118,11 +118,11 @@ fn exec_item(ctx: &mut ExecContext, label: EcoString, body: &SyntaxTree, map: &E
     let label = ctx.exec_stack(|ctx| ctx.push_text(label));
     let body = ctx.exec_tree_stack(body, map);
     let stack = StackNode {
-        dirs: Gen::new(Dir::TTB, ctx.state.dir),
+        dirs: Gen::new(ctx.state.dirs.main, ctx.state.dirs.cross),
         aspect: None,
         children: vec![
             StackChild::Any(label.into(), Gen::default()),
-            StackChild::Spacing(ctx.state.text.size / 2.0),
+            StackChild::Spacing(ctx.state.font.size / 2.0),
             StackChild::Any(body.into(), Gen::default()),
         ],
     };
diff --git a/src/exec/state.rs b/src/exec/state.rs
index 51bbe395..ce30e042 100644
--- a/src/exec/state.rs
+++ b/src/exec/state.rs
@@ -12,29 +12,52 @@ use crate::paper::{PaperClass, PAPER_A4};
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
 pub struct State {
     /// The direction for text and other inline objects.
-    pub dir: Dir,
+    pub dirs: Gen<Dir>,
     /// The current alignments of layouts in their parents.
     pub aligns: Gen<Align>,
     /// The current page settings.
-    pub page: PageState,
-    /// The current text settings.
-    pub text: Rc<TextState>,
+    pub page: Rc<PageState>,
+    /// The current paragraph settings.
+    pub par: Rc<ParState>,
+    /// The current font settings.
+    pub font: Rc<FontState>,
 }
 
 impl State {
-    /// Access the `text` state mutably.
-    pub fn text_mut(&mut self) -> &mut TextState {
-        Rc::make_mut(&mut self.text)
+    /// Access the `page` state mutably.
+    pub fn page_mut(&mut self) -> &mut PageState {
+        Rc::make_mut(&mut self.page)
+    }
+
+    /// Access the `par` state mutably.
+    pub fn par_mut(&mut self) -> &mut ParState {
+        Rc::make_mut(&mut self.par)
+    }
+
+    /// Access the `font` state mutably.
+    pub fn font_mut(&mut self) -> &mut FontState {
+        Rc::make_mut(&mut self.font)
+    }
+
+    /// The resolved line spacing.
+    pub fn line_spacing(&self) -> Length {
+        self.par.line_spacing.resolve(self.font.size)
+    }
+
+    /// The resolved paragraph spacing.
+    pub fn par_spacing(&self) -> Length {
+        self.par.par_spacing.resolve(self.font.size)
     }
 }
 
 impl Default for State {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
-            dir: Dir::LTR,
+            dirs: Gen::new(Dir::LTR, Dir::TTB),
             aligns: Gen::splat(Align::Start),
-            page: PageState::default(),
-            text: Rc::new(TextState::default()),
+            page: Rc::new(PageState::default()),
+            par: Rc::new(ParState::default()),
+            font: Rc::new(FontState::default()),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -75,15 +98,27 @@ impl Default for PageState {
     }
 }
 
-/// Defines text properties.
+/// Style paragraph properties.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
-pub struct TextState {
-    /// A list of font families with generic class definitions (the final
-    /// family list also depends on `monospace`).
-    pub families: Rc<FamilyList>,
-    /// The selected font variant (the final variant also depends on `strong`
-    /// and `emph`).
-    pub variant: FontVariant,
+pub struct ParState {
+    /// The spacing between paragraphs (dependent on scaled font size).
+    pub par_spacing: Linear,
+    /// The spacing between lines (dependent on scaled font size).
+    pub line_spacing: Linear,
+}
+
+impl Default for ParState {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            par_spacing: Relative::new(1.0).into(),
+            line_spacing: Relative::new(0.5).into(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Defines font properties.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
+pub struct FontState {
     /// Whether the strong toggle is active or inactive. This determines
     /// whether the next `*` adds or removes font weight.
     pub strong: bool,
@@ -94,19 +129,18 @@ pub struct TextState {
     pub monospace: bool,
     /// The font size.
     pub size: Length,
-    /// The spacing between words (dependent on scaled font size).
-    // TODO: Don't ignore this.
-    pub word_spacing: Linear,
-    /// The spacing between lines (dependent on scaled font size).
-    pub line_spacing: Linear,
-    /// The spacing between paragraphs (dependent on scaled font size).
-    pub par_spacing: Linear,
+    /// The selected font variant (the final variant also depends on `strong`
+    /// and `emph`).
+    pub variant: FontVariant,
     /// The top end of the text bounding box.
     pub top_edge: VerticalFontMetric,
     /// The bottom end of the text bounding box.
     pub bottom_edge: VerticalFontMetric,
     /// Glyph color.
     pub fill: Paint,
+    /// A list of font families with generic class definitions (the final
+    /// family list also depends on `monospace`).
+    pub families: Rc<FamilyState>,
     /// The specifications for a strikethrough line, if any.
     pub strikethrough: Option<Rc<LineState>>,
     /// The specifications for a underline, if any.
@@ -115,22 +149,7 @@ pub struct TextState {
     pub overline: Option<Rc<LineState>>,
 }
 
-impl TextState {
-    /// Access the `families` list mutably.
-    pub fn families_mut(&mut self) -> &mut FamilyList {
-        Rc::make_mut(&mut self.families)
-    }
-
-    /// The resolved family iterator.
-    pub fn families(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &str> + Clone {
-        let head = if self.monospace {
-            self.families.monospace.as_slice()
-        } else {
-            &[]
-        };
-        head.iter().map(String::as_str).chain(self.families.iter())
-    }
-
+impl FontState {
     /// The resolved variant with `strong` and `emph` factored in.
     pub fn variant(&self) -> FontVariant {
         let mut variant = self.variant;
@@ -150,26 +169,39 @@ impl TextState {
         variant
     }
 
-    /// The resolved word spacing.
-    pub fn word_spacing(&self) -> Length {
-        self.word_spacing.resolve(self.size)
-    }
+    /// The resolved family iterator.
+    pub fn families(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &str> + Clone {
+        let head = if self.monospace {
+            self.families.monospace.as_slice()
+        } else {
+            &[]
+        };
 
-    /// The resolved line spacing.
-    pub fn line_spacing(&self) -> Length {
-        self.line_spacing.resolve(self.size)
+        let core = self.families.list.iter().flat_map(move |family: &FontFamily| {
+            match family {
+                FontFamily::Named(name) => std::slice::from_ref(name),
+                FontFamily::Serif => &self.families.serif,
+                FontFamily::SansSerif => &self.families.sans_serif,
+                FontFamily::Monospace => &self.families.monospace,
+            }
+        });
+
+        head.iter()
+            .chain(core)
+            .chain(self.families.base.iter())
+            .map(String::as_str)
     }
 
-    /// The resolved paragraph spacing.
-    pub fn par_spacing(&self) -> Length {
-        self.par_spacing.resolve(self.size)
+    /// Access the `families` state mutably.
+    pub fn families_mut(&mut self) -> &mut FamilyState {
+        Rc::make_mut(&mut self.families)
     }
 }
 
-impl Default for TextState {
+impl Default for FontState {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
-            families: Rc::new(FamilyList::default()),
+            families: Rc::new(FamilyState::default()),
             variant: FontVariant {
                 style: FontStyle::Normal,
                 weight: FontWeight::REGULAR,
@@ -179,9 +211,6 @@ impl Default for TextState {
             emph: false,
             monospace: false,
             size: Length::pt(11.0),
-            word_spacing: Relative::new(0.25).into(),
-            line_spacing: Relative::new(0.5).into(),
-            par_spacing: Relative::new(1.0).into(),
             top_edge: VerticalFontMetric::CapHeight,
             bottom_edge: VerticalFontMetric::Baseline,
             fill: Paint::Color(Color::Rgba(RgbaColor::BLACK)),
@@ -194,63 +223,46 @@ impl Default for TextState {
 
 /// Font family definitions.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, Hash)]
-pub struct FamilyList {
+pub struct FamilyState {
     /// The user-defined list of font families.
-    pub list: Vec<FontFamily>,
+    pub list: Rc<Vec<FontFamily>>,
     /// Definition of serif font families.
-    pub serif: Vec<String>,
+    pub serif: Rc<Vec<String>>,
     /// Definition of sans-serif font families.
-    pub sans_serif: Vec<String>,
+    pub sans_serif: Rc<Vec<String>>,
     /// Definition of monospace font families used for raw text.
-    pub monospace: Vec<String>,
-    /// Base fonts that are tried if the list has no match.
-    pub base: Vec<String>,
-}
-
-impl FamilyList {
-    /// Flat iterator over this map's family names.
-    pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &str> + Clone {
-        self.list
-            .iter()
-            .flat_map(move |family: &FontFamily| {
-                match family {
-                    FontFamily::Named(name) => std::slice::from_ref(name),
-                    FontFamily::Serif => &self.serif,
-                    FontFamily::SansSerif => &self.sans_serif,
-                    FontFamily::Monospace => &self.monospace,
-                }
-            })
-            .chain(&self.base)
-            .map(String::as_str)
-    }
+    pub monospace: Rc<Vec<String>>,
+    /// Base fonts that are tried as last resort.
+    pub base: Rc<Vec<String>>,
 }
 
-impl Default for FamilyList {
+impl Default for FamilyState {
     fn default() -> Self {
         Self {
-            list: vec![FontFamily::Serif],
-            serif: vec!["eb garamond".into()],
-            sans_serif: vec!["pt sans".into()],
-            monospace: vec!["inconsolata".into()],
-            base: vec!["twitter color emoji".into(), "latin modern math".into()],
+            list: Rc::new(vec![FontFamily::Serif]),
+            serif: Rc::new(vec!["eb garamond".into()]),
+            sans_serif: Rc::new(vec!["pt sans".into()]),
+            monospace: Rc::new(vec!["inconsolata".into()]),
+            base: Rc::new(vec![
+                "twitter color emoji".into(),
+                "latin modern math".into(),
+            ]),
         }
     }
 }
 
-/// Describes a line that is positioned over, under or on top of text.
+/// Defines a line that is positioned over, under or on top of text.
 #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
 pub struct LineState {
-    /// Stroke color of the line.
-    ///
-    /// Defaults to the text color if `None`.
+    /// Stroke color of the line, defaults to the text color if `None`.
     pub stroke: Option<Paint>,
-    /// Thickness of the line's stroke. Calling functions should attempt to
-    /// read this value from the appropriate font tables if this is `None`.
+    /// Thickness of the line's strokes (dependent on scaled font size), read
+    /// from the font tables if `None`.
     pub thickness: Option<Linear>,
-    /// Position of the line relative to the baseline. Calling functions should
-    /// attempt to read this value from the appropriate font tables if this is
-    /// `None`.
+    /// Position of the line relative to the baseline (dependent on scaled font
+    /// size), read from the font tables if `None`.
     pub offset: Option<Linear>,
-    /// Amount that the line will be longer or shorter than its associated text.
+    /// Amount that the line will be longer or shorter than its associated text
+    /// (dependent on scaled font size).
     pub extent: Linear,
 }
diff --git a/src/geom/gen.rs b/src/geom/gen.rs
index 57dc277d..075b8620 100644
--- a/src/geom/gen.rs
+++ b/src/geom/gen.rs
@@ -60,6 +60,16 @@ impl Gen<Length> {
     }
 }
 
+impl<T> Gen<Option<T>> {
+    /// Unwrap the individual fields.
+    pub fn unwrap_or(self, other: Gen<T>) -> Gen<T> {
+        Gen {
+            cross: self.cross.unwrap_or(other.cross),
+            main: self.main.unwrap_or(other.main),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl<T> Get<GenAxis> for Gen<T> {
     type Component = T;
 
diff --git a/src/geom/spec.rs b/src/geom/spec.rs
index f8f62f9f..ead67f11 100644
--- a/src/geom/spec.rs
+++ b/src/geom/spec.rs
@@ -75,6 +75,16 @@ impl Spec<Length> {
     }
 }
 
+impl<T> Spec<Option<T>> {
+    /// Unwrap the individual fields.
+    pub fn unwrap_or(self, other: Spec<T>) -> Spec<T> {
+        Spec {
+            horizontal: self.horizontal.unwrap_or(other.horizontal),
+            vertical: self.vertical.unwrap_or(other.vertical),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl<T> Get<SpecAxis> for Spec<T> {
     type Component = T;
 
diff --git a/src/layout/par.rs b/src/layout/par.rs
index 03d7efd5..a88a0f0b 100644
--- a/src/layout/par.rs
+++ b/src/layout/par.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use unicode_bidi::{BidiInfo, Level};
 use xi_unicode::LineBreakIterator;
 
 use super::*;
-use crate::exec::TextState;
+use crate::exec::FontState;
 use crate::util::{EcoString, RangeExt, SliceExt};
 
 type Range = std::ops::Range<usize>;
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ pub enum ParChild {
     /// Spacing between other nodes.
     Spacing(Length),
     /// A run of text and how to align it in its line.
-    Text(EcoString, Align, Rc<TextState>),
+    Text(EcoString, Align, Rc<FontState>),
     /// Any child node and how to align it in its line.
     Any(LayoutNode, Align),
 }
diff --git a/src/layout/shaping.rs b/src/layout/shaping.rs
index 0cfb01a8..3ede5122 100644
--- a/src/layout/shaping.rs
+++ b/src/layout/shaping.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use std::ops::Range;
 use rustybuzz::UnicodeBuffer;
 
 use super::{Element, Frame, Glyph, LayoutContext, Text};
-use crate::exec::{LineState, TextState};
+use crate::exec::{FontState, LineState};
 use crate::font::{Face, FaceId, FontVariant, LineMetrics};
 use crate::geom::{Dir, Length, Point, Size};
 use crate::layout::Geometry;
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ pub struct ShapedText<'a> {
     /// The text direction.
     pub dir: Dir,
     /// The properties used for font selection.
-    pub state: &'a TextState,
+    pub state: &'a FontState,
     /// The font size.
     pub size: Size,
     /// The baseline from the top of the frame.
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ pub fn shape<'a>(
     ctx: &mut LayoutContext,
     text: &'a str,
     dir: Dir,
-    state: &'a TextState,
+    state: &'a FontState,
 ) -> ShapedText<'a> {
     let mut glyphs = vec![];
     if !text.is_empty() {
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@ fn shape_segment<'a>(
 fn measure(
     ctx: &mut LayoutContext,
     glyphs: &[ShapedGlyph],
-    state: &TextState,
+    state: &FontState,
 ) -> (Size, Length) {
     let mut width = Length::zero();
     let mut top = Length::zero();
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ fn decorate(
     pos: Point,
     width: Length,
     face_id: FaceId,
-    state: &TextState,
+    state: &FontState,
 ) {
     let mut apply = |substate: &LineState, metrics: fn(&Face) -> &LineMetrics| {
         let metrics = metrics(ctx.fonts.get(face_id));
diff --git a/src/library/layout.rs b/src/library/layout.rs
index eea4afb5..f3f3f81e 100644
--- a/src/library/layout.rs
+++ b/src/library/layout.rs
@@ -24,45 +24,45 @@ pub fn page(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
 
     Value::template(move |ctx| {
         let snapshot = ctx.state.clone();
+        let state = ctx.state.page_mut();
 
         if let Some(paper) = paper {
-            ctx.state.page.class = paper.class;
-            ctx.state.page.size = paper.size();
+            state.class = paper.class;
+            state.size = paper.size();
         }
 
         if let Some(width) = width {
-            ctx.state.page.class = PaperClass::Custom;
-            ctx.state.page.size.width = width;
+            state.class = PaperClass::Custom;
+            state.size.width = width;
         }
 
         if let Some(height) = height {
-            ctx.state.page.class = PaperClass::Custom;
-            ctx.state.page.size.height = height;
+            state.class = PaperClass::Custom;
+            state.size.height = height;
         }
 
         if let Some(margins) = margins {
-            ctx.state.page.margins = Sides::splat(Some(margins));
+            state.margins = Sides::splat(Some(margins));
         }
 
         if let Some(left) = left {
-            ctx.state.page.margins.left = Some(left);
+            state.margins.left = Some(left);
         }
 
         if let Some(top) = top {
-            ctx.state.page.margins.top = Some(top);
+            state.margins.top = Some(top);
         }
 
         if let Some(right) = right {
-            ctx.state.page.margins.right = Some(right);
+            state.margins.right = Some(right);
         }
 
         if let Some(bottom) = bottom {
-            ctx.state.page.margins.bottom = Some(bottom);
+            state.margins.bottom = Some(bottom);
         }
 
         if flip.unwrap_or(false) {
-            let page = &mut ctx.state.page;
-            std::mem::swap(&mut page.size.width, &mut page.size.height);
+            std::mem::swap(&mut state.size.width, &mut state.size.height);
         }
 
         ctx.pagebreak(false, true, span);
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ fn spacing_impl(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs, axis: GenAxis) -> Va
     Value::template(move |ctx| {
         if let Some(linear) = spacing {
             // TODO: Should this really always be font-size relative?
-            let amount = linear.resolve(ctx.state.text.size);
+            let amount = linear.resolve(ctx.state.font.size);
             ctx.push_spacing(axis, amount);
         }
     })
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ pub fn pad(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
 
 /// `stack`: Stack children along an axis.
 pub fn stack(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
-    let dir = args.named(ctx, "dir").unwrap_or(Dir::TTB);
+    let dir = args.named(ctx, "dir");
     let children: Vec<_> = args.all().collect();
 
     Value::template(move |ctx| {
@@ -192,22 +192,26 @@ pub fn stack(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
             })
             .collect();
 
-        ctx.push_into_stack(StackNode {
-            dirs: Gen::new(ctx.state.dir, dir),
-            aspect: None,
-            children,
-        });
+        let mut dirs = Gen::new(None, dir).unwrap_or(ctx.state.dirs);
+
+        // If the directions become aligned, fix up the cross direction since
+        // that's the one that is not user-defined.
+        if dirs.main.axis() == dirs.cross.axis() {
+            dirs.cross = ctx.state.dirs.main;
+        }
+
+        ctx.push_into_stack(StackNode { dirs, aspect: None, children });
     })
 }
 
 /// `grid`: Arrange children into a grid.
 pub fn grid(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
-    let columns = args.named::<Tracks>(ctx, "columns").unwrap_or_default();
-    let rows = args.named::<Tracks>(ctx, "rows").unwrap_or_default();
+    let columns = args.named(ctx, "columns").unwrap_or_default();
+    let rows = args.named(ctx, "rows").unwrap_or_default();
 
     let gutter_columns = args.named(ctx, "gutter-columns");
     let gutter_rows = args.named(ctx, "gutter-rows");
-    let gutter = args
+    let default = args
         .named(ctx, "gutter")
         .map(|v| vec![TrackSizing::Linear(v)])
         .unwrap_or_default();
@@ -217,22 +221,40 @@ pub fn grid(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
 
     let children: Vec<_> = args.all().collect();
 
+    let tracks = Gen::new(columns, rows);
+    let gutter = Gen::new(
+        gutter_columns.unwrap_or_else(|| default.clone()),
+        gutter_rows.unwrap_or(default),
+    );
+
     Value::template(move |ctx| {
         let children = children
             .iter()
             .map(|child| ctx.exec_template_stack(child).into())
             .collect();
 
-        let cross_dir = column_dir.unwrap_or(ctx.state.dir);
-        let main_dir = row_dir.unwrap_or(cross_dir.axis().other().dir(true));
+        let mut dirs = Gen::new(column_dir, row_dir).unwrap_or(ctx.state.dirs);
+
+        // If the directions become aligned, try to fix up the direction which
+        // is not user-defined.
+        if dirs.main.axis() == dirs.cross.axis() {
+            let target = if column_dir.is_some() {
+                &mut dirs.main
+            } else {
+                &mut dirs.cross
+            };
+
+            *target = if target.axis() == ctx.state.dirs.cross.axis() {
+                ctx.state.dirs.main
+            } else {
+                ctx.state.dirs.cross
+            };
+        }
 
         ctx.push_into_stack(GridNode {
-            dirs: Gen::new(cross_dir, main_dir),
-            tracks: Gen::new(columns.clone(), rows.clone()),
-            gutter: Gen::new(
-                gutter_columns.as_ref().unwrap_or(&gutter).clone(),
-                gutter_rows.as_ref().unwrap_or(&gutter).clone(),
-            ),
+            dirs,
+            tracks: tracks.clone(),
+            gutter: gutter.clone(),
             children,
         })
     })
diff --git a/src/library/text.rs b/src/library/text.rs
index b56cbcd3..54e9794a 100644
--- a/src/library/text.rs
+++ b/src/library/text.rs
@@ -1,17 +1,10 @@
-use crate::exec::{LineState, TextState};
+use crate::exec::{FontState, LineState};
 use crate::layout::Paint;
 
 use super::*;
 
 /// `font`: Configure the font.
 pub fn font(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
-    let families: Vec<_> = args.all().collect();
-    let list = if families.is_empty() {
-        args.named(ctx, "family")
-    } else {
-        Some(FontDef(families))
-    };
-
     let size = args.eat::<Linear>().or_else(|| args.named(ctx, "size"));
     let style = args.named(ctx, "style");
     let weight = args.named(ctx, "weight");
@@ -19,20 +12,25 @@ pub fn font(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
     let top_edge = args.named(ctx, "top-edge");
     let bottom_edge = args.named(ctx, "bottom-edge");
     let fill = args.named(ctx, "fill");
+
+    let families: Vec<_> = args.all().collect();
+    let list = if families.is_empty() {
+        args.named(ctx, "family")
+    } else {
+        Some(FontDef(Rc::new(families)))
+    };
+
     let serif = args.named(ctx, "serif");
     let sans_serif = args.named(ctx, "sans-serif");
     let monospace = args.named(ctx, "monospace");
+
     let body = args.expect::<Template>(ctx, "body").unwrap_or_default();
 
     Value::template(move |ctx| {
-        let state = ctx.state.text_mut();
+        let state = ctx.state.font_mut();
 
-        if let Some(linear) = size {
-            state.size = linear.resolve(state.size);
-        }
-
-        if let Some(FontDef(list)) = &list {
-            state.families_mut().list = list.clone();
+        if let Some(size) = size {
+            state.size = size.resolve(state.size);
         }
 
         if let Some(style) = style {
@@ -59,6 +57,10 @@ pub fn font(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
             state.fill = Paint::Color(fill);
         }
 
+        if let Some(FontDef(list)) = &list {
+            state.families_mut().list = list.clone();
+        }
+
         if let Some(FamilyDef(serif)) = &serif {
             state.families_mut().serif = serif.clone();
         }
@@ -75,41 +77,42 @@ pub fn font(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
     })
 }
 
-struct FontDef(Vec<FontFamily>);
+struct FontDef(Rc<Vec<FontFamily>>);
 
 castable! {
     FontDef: "font family or array of font families",
-    Value::Str(string) => Self(vec![FontFamily::Named(string.to_lowercase())]),
-    Value::Array(values) => Self(values
-        .into_iter()
-        .filter_map(|v| v.cast().ok())
-        .collect()
-    ),
-    @family: FontFamily => Self(vec![family.clone()]),
+    Value::Str(string) => Self(Rc::new(vec![FontFamily::Named(string.to_lowercase())])),
+    Value::Array(values) => Self(Rc::new(
+        values
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter_map(|v| v.cast().ok())
+            .collect()
+    )),
+    @family: FontFamily => Self(Rc::new(vec![family.clone()])),
 }
 
-struct FamilyDef(Vec<String>);
+struct FamilyDef(Rc<Vec<String>>);
 
 castable! {
     FamilyDef: "string or array of strings",
-    Value::Str(string) => Self(vec![string.to_lowercase()]),
-    Value::Array(values) => Self(values
-        .into_iter()
-        .filter_map(|v| v.cast().ok())
-        .map(|string: EcoString| string.to_lowercase())
-        .collect()
-    ),
+    Value::Str(string) => Self(Rc::new(vec![string.to_lowercase()])),
+    Value::Array(values) => Self(Rc::new(
+        values
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter_map(|v| v.cast().ok())
+            .map(|string: EcoString| string.to_lowercase())
+            .collect()
+    )),
 }
 
 /// `par`: Configure paragraphs.
 pub fn par(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
     let par_spacing = args.named(ctx, "spacing");
     let line_spacing = args.named(ctx, "leading");
-    let word_spacing = args.named(ctx, "word-spacing");
     let body = args.expect::<Template>(ctx, "body").unwrap_or_default();
 
     Value::template(move |ctx| {
-        let state = ctx.state.text_mut();
+        let state = ctx.state.par_mut();
 
         if let Some(par_spacing) = par_spacing {
             state.par_spacing = par_spacing;
@@ -119,10 +122,6 @@ pub fn par(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
             state.line_spacing = line_spacing;
         }
 
-        if let Some(word_spacing) = word_spacing {
-            state.word_spacing = word_spacing;
-        }
-
         ctx.parbreak();
         body.exec(ctx);
     })
@@ -130,20 +129,23 @@ pub fn par(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
 
 /// `lang`: Configure the language.
 pub fn lang(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
-    let iso = args.eat::<EcoString>().map(|s| lang_dir(&s));
-    let dir = match args.named::<Spanned<Dir>>(ctx, "dir") {
-        Some(dir) if dir.v.axis() == SpecAxis::Horizontal => Some(dir.v),
-        Some(dir) => {
+    let iso = args.eat::<EcoString>();
+    let dir = if let Some(dir) = args.named::<Spanned<Dir>>(ctx, "dir") {
+        if dir.v.axis() == SpecAxis::Horizontal {
+            Some(dir.v)
+        } else {
             ctx.diag(error!(dir.span, "must be horizontal"));
             None
         }
-        None => None,
+    } else {
+        iso.as_deref().map(lang_dir)
     };
+
     let body = args.expect::<Template>(ctx, "body").unwrap_or_default();
 
     Value::template(move |ctx| {
-        if let Some(dir) = dir.or(iso) {
-            ctx.state.dir = dir;
+        if let Some(dir) = dir {
+            ctx.state.dirs.cross = dir;
         }
 
         ctx.parbreak();
@@ -151,7 +153,7 @@ pub fn lang(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
     })
 }
 
-/// The default direction for the language identified by `iso`.
+/// The default direction for the language identified by the given `iso` code.
 fn lang_dir(iso: &str) -> Dir {
     match iso.to_ascii_lowercase().as_str() {
         "ar" | "he" | "fa" | "ur" | "ps" | "yi" => Dir::RTL,
@@ -178,7 +180,7 @@ pub fn overline(ctx: &mut EvalContext, args: &mut FuncArgs) -> Value {
 fn line_impl(
     ctx: &mut EvalContext,
     args: &mut FuncArgs,
-    substate: fn(&mut TextState) -> &mut Option<Rc<LineState>>,
+    substate: fn(&mut FontState) -> &mut Option<Rc<LineState>>,
 ) -> Value {
     let stroke = args.eat().or_else(|| args.named(ctx, "stroke"));
     let thickness = args.eat::<Linear>().or_else(|| args.named(ctx, "thickness"));
@@ -197,7 +199,7 @@ fn line_impl(
     });
 
     Value::template(move |ctx| {
-        *substate(ctx.state.text_mut()) = state.clone();
+        *substate(ctx.state.font_mut()) = state.clone();
         body.exec(ctx);
     })
 }