Math framework

8 files changed, 628 insertions, 277 deletions

diff --git a/library/src/lib.rs b/library/src/lib.rs
index 24f3560f..f714c72b 100644
--- a/library/src/lib.rs
+++ b/library/src/lib.rs
@@ -49,24 +49,7 @@ fn scope() -> Scope {
     std.def_func::<text::RawNode>("raw");
 
     // Math.
-    std.def_func::<math::MathNode>("math");
-    std.def_func::<math::AccNode>("acc");
-    std.def_func::<math::FracNode>("frac");
-    std.def_func::<math::BinomNode>("binom");
-    std.def_func::<math::ScriptNode>("script");
-    std.def_func::<math::SqrtNode>("sqrt");
-    std.def_func::<math::FloorNode>("floor");
-    std.def_func::<math::CeilNode>("ceil");
-    std.def_func::<math::VecNode>("vec");
-    std.def_func::<math::CasesNode>("cases");
-    std.def_func::<math::SerifNode>("serif");
-    std.def_func::<math::SansNode>("sans");
-    std.def_func::<math::BoldNode>("bold");
-    std.def_func::<math::ItalNode>("ital");
-    std.def_func::<math::CalNode>("cal");
-    std.def_func::<math::FrakNode>("frak");
-    std.def_func::<math::MonoNode>("mono");
-    std.def_func::<math::BbNode>("bb");
+    math::define(&mut std);
 
     // Layout.
     std.def_func::<layout::PageNode>("page");
@@ -204,7 +187,7 @@ fn items() -> LangItems {
         term_item: |term, description| {
             layout::ListItem::Term(basics::TermItem { term, description }).pack()
         },
-        math: |children, block| math::MathNode { children, block }.pack(),
+        math: |body, block| math::MathNode { body, block }.pack(),
         math_atom: |atom| math::AtomNode(atom).pack(),
         math_script: |base, sub, sup| math::ScriptNode { base, sub, sup }.pack(),
         math_frac: |num, denom| math::FracNode { num, denom }.pack(),
diff --git a/library/src/math/ctx.rs b/library/src/math/ctx.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..41299f98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/src/math/ctx.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+use ttf_parser::math::MathValue;
+
+use super::*;
+
+macro_rules! scaled {
+    ($ctx:expr, text: $text:ident, display: $display:ident $(,)?) => {
+        match $ctx.style.size {
+            MathSize::Display => scaled!($ctx, $display),
+            _ => scaled!($ctx, $text),
+        }
+    };
+    ($ctx:expr, $name:ident) => {
+        $ctx.constants.$name().scaled($ctx)
+    };
+}
+
+macro_rules! percent {
+    ($ctx:expr, $name:ident) => {
+        $ctx.constants.$name() as f64 / 100.0
+    };
+}
+
+/// The context for math layout.
+pub(super) struct MathContext<'a, 'b, 'v> {
+    pub vt: &'v mut Vt<'b>,
+    pub outer: StyleChain<'a>,
+    pub map: StyleMap,
+    pub regions: Regions<'a>,
+    pub font: &'a Font,
+    pub ttf: &'a ttf_parser::Face<'a>,
+    pub table: ttf_parser::math::Table<'a>,
+    pub constants: ttf_parser::math::Constants<'a>,
+    pub fill: Paint,
+    pub lang: Lang,
+    pub row: MathRow,
+    pub style: MathStyle,
+    base_size: Abs,
+    scaled_size: Abs,
+    style_stack: Vec<MathStyle>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, 'b, 'v> MathContext<'a, 'b, 'v> {
+    pub fn new(
+        vt: &'v mut Vt<'b>,
+        styles: StyleChain<'a>,
+        regions: Regions,
+        font: &'a Font,
+        block: bool,
+    ) -> Self {
+        let table = font.ttf().tables().math.unwrap();
+        let constants = table.constants.unwrap();
+        let size = styles.get(TextNode::SIZE);
+        Self {
+            vt,
+            outer: styles,
+            map: StyleMap::new(),
+            regions: {
+                let size = Size::new(regions.first.x, regions.base.y);
+                Regions::one(size, regions.base, Axes::splat(false))
+            },
+            style: MathStyle {
+                variant: MathVariant::Serif,
+                size: if block { MathSize::Display } else { MathSize::Text },
+                cramped: false,
+                bold: false,
+                italic: true,
+            },
+            fill: styles.get(TextNode::FILL),
+            lang: styles.get(TextNode::LANG),
+            font: &font,
+            ttf: font.ttf(),
+            table,
+            constants,
+            row: MathRow::new(),
+            base_size: size,
+            scaled_size: size,
+            style_stack: vec![],
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn push(&mut self, fragment: impl Into<MathFragment>) {
+        self.row.push(self.scaled_size, self.style, fragment);
+    }
+
+    pub fn layout_non_math(&mut self, content: &Content) -> SourceResult<Frame> {
+        Ok(content
+            .layout(&mut self.vt, self.outer.chain(&self.map), self.regions)?
+            .into_frame())
+    }
+
+    pub fn layout_fragment(
+        &mut self,
+        node: &dyn LayoutMath,
+    ) -> SourceResult<MathFragment> {
+        let row = self.layout_row(node)?;
+        Ok(if row.0.len() == 1 {
+            row.0.into_iter().next().unwrap()
+        } else {
+            row.to_frame(self).into()
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn layout_row(&mut self, node: &dyn LayoutMath) -> SourceResult<MathRow> {
+        let prev = std::mem::take(&mut self.row);
+        node.layout_math(self)?;
+        Ok(std::mem::replace(&mut self.row, prev))
+    }
+
+    pub fn layout_frame(&mut self, node: &dyn LayoutMath) -> SourceResult<Frame> {
+        Ok(self.layout_fragment(node)?.to_frame(self))
+    }
+
+    pub fn size(&self) -> Abs {
+        self.scaled_size
+    }
+
+    pub fn style(&mut self, style: MathStyle) {
+        self.style_stack.push(self.style);
+        self.style = style;
+        self.rescale();
+        self.map.set(TextNode::SIZE, TextSize(self.scaled_size.into()));
+    }
+
+    pub fn unstyle(&mut self) {
+        self.style = self.style_stack.pop().unwrap();
+        self.rescale();
+        self.map.unset();
+    }
+
+    fn rescale(&mut self) {
+        self.scaled_size = match self.style.size {
+            MathSize::Display | MathSize::Text => self.base_size,
+            MathSize::Script => {
+                self.base_size * percent!(self, script_percent_scale_down)
+            }
+            MathSize::ScriptScript => {
+                self.base_size * percent!(self, script_script_percent_scale_down)
+            }
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+pub(super) trait Scaled {
+    fn scaled(self, ctx: &MathContext) -> Abs;
+}
+
+impl Scaled for i16 {
+    fn scaled(self, ctx: &MathContext) -> Abs {
+        ctx.font.to_em(self).scaled(ctx)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Scaled for u16 {
+    fn scaled(self, ctx: &MathContext) -> Abs {
+        ctx.font.to_em(self).scaled(ctx)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Scaled for Em {
+    fn scaled(self, ctx: &MathContext) -> Abs {
+        self.at(ctx.size())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Scaled for MathValue<'_> {
+    fn scaled(self, ctx: &MathContext) -> Abs {
+        self.value.scaled(ctx)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/library/src/math/fragment.rs b/library/src/math/fragment.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d6d55cc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/src/math/fragment.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+use super::*;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub(super) enum MathFragment {
+    Glyph(GlyphFragment),
+    Variant(VariantFragment),
+    Frame(FrameFragment),
+    Spacing(Abs),
+    Align,
+    Linebreak,
+}
+
+impl MathFragment {
+    pub fn size(&self) -> Size {
+        Size::new(self.width(), self.height())
+    }
+
+    pub fn width(&self) -> Abs {
+        match self {
+            Self::Glyph(glyph) => glyph.width,
+            Self::Variant(variant) => variant.frame.width(),
+            Self::Frame(fragment) => fragment.frame.width(),
+            Self::Spacing(amount) => *amount,
+            _ => Abs::zero(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn height(&self) -> Abs {
+        match self {
+            Self::Glyph(glyph) => glyph.height(),
+            Self::Variant(variant) => variant.frame.height(),
+            Self::Frame(fragment) => fragment.frame.height(),
+            _ => Abs::zero(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn ascent(&self) -> Abs {
+        match self {
+            Self::Glyph(glyph) => glyph.ascent,
+            Self::Variant(variant) => variant.frame.ascent(),
+            Self::Frame(fragment) => fragment.frame.baseline(),
+            _ => Abs::zero(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn descent(&self) -> Abs {
+        match self {
+            Self::Glyph(glyph) => glyph.descent,
+            Self::Variant(variant) => variant.frame.descent(),
+            Self::Frame(fragment) => fragment.frame.descent(),
+            _ => Abs::zero(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn class(&self) -> Option<MathClass> {
+        match self {
+            Self::Glyph(glyph) => glyph.class(),
+            Self::Variant(variant) => variant.class(),
+            Self::Frame(fragment) => Some(fragment.class),
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn italics_correction(&self) -> Abs {
+        match self {
+            Self::Glyph(glyph) => glyph.italics_correction,
+            Self::Variant(variant) => variant.italics_correction,
+            _ => Abs::zero(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_frame(self, ctx: &MathContext) -> Frame {
+        match self {
+            Self::Glyph(glyph) => glyph.to_frame(ctx),
+            Self::Variant(variant) => variant.frame,
+            Self::Frame(fragment) => fragment.frame,
+            _ => Frame::new(self.size()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<GlyphFragment> for MathFragment {
+    fn from(glyph: GlyphFragment) -> Self {
+        Self::Glyph(glyph)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<VariantFragment> for MathFragment {
+    fn from(variant: VariantFragment) -> Self {
+        Self::Variant(variant)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<FrameFragment> for MathFragment {
+    fn from(fragment: FrameFragment) -> Self {
+        Self::Frame(fragment)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<Frame> for MathFragment {
+    fn from(frame: Frame) -> Self {
+        Self::Frame(FrameFragment { frame, class: MathClass::Normal, limits: false })
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub(super) struct GlyphFragment {
+    pub id: GlyphId,
+    pub c: char,
+    pub font_size: Abs,
+    pub width: Abs,
+    pub ascent: Abs,
+    pub descent: Abs,
+    pub italics_correction: Abs,
+}
+
+impl GlyphFragment {
+    pub fn new(ctx: &MathContext, c: char) -> Self {
+        let c = ctx.style.styled_char(c);
+        let id = ctx.ttf.glyph_index(c).unwrap_or_default();
+        Self::with_id(ctx, c, id)
+    }
+
+    pub fn try_new(ctx: &MathContext, c: char) -> Option<Self> {
+        let c = ctx.style.styled_char(c);
+        let id = ctx.ttf.glyph_index(c)?;
+        Some(Self::with_id(ctx, c, id))
+    }
+
+    pub fn with_id(ctx: &MathContext, c: char, id: GlyphId) -> Self {
+        let advance = ctx.ttf.glyph_hor_advance(id).unwrap_or_default();
+        let italics = italics_correction(ctx, id).unwrap_or_default();
+        let bbox = ctx.ttf.glyph_bounding_box(id).unwrap_or(Rect {
+            x_min: 0,
+            y_min: 0,
+            x_max: 0,
+            y_max: 0,
+        });
+        Self {
+            id,
+            c,
+            font_size: ctx.size(),
+            width: advance.scaled(ctx),
+            ascent: bbox.y_max.scaled(ctx),
+            descent: -bbox.y_min.scaled(ctx),
+            italics_correction: italics,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn height(&self) -> Abs {
+        self.ascent + self.descent
+    }
+
+    pub fn class(&self) -> Option<MathClass> {
+        unicode_math_class::class(self.c)
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_variant(&self, ctx: &MathContext) -> VariantFragment {
+        VariantFragment {
+            c: self.c,
+            id: Some(self.id),
+            frame: self.to_frame(ctx),
+            italics_correction: self.italics_correction,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_frame(&self, ctx: &MathContext) -> Frame {
+        let text = Text {
+            font: ctx.font.clone(),
+            size: self.font_size,
+            fill: ctx.fill,
+            lang: ctx.lang,
+            glyphs: vec![Glyph {
+                id: self.id.0,
+                c: self.c,
+                x_advance: Em::from_length(self.width, ctx.size()),
+                x_offset: Em::zero(),
+            }],
+        };
+        let size = Size::new(self.width, self.ascent + self.descent);
+        let mut frame = Frame::new(size);
+        frame.set_baseline(self.ascent);
+        frame.push(Point::with_y(self.ascent), Element::Text(text));
+        frame
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct VariantFragment {
+    pub c: char,
+    pub id: Option<GlyphId>,
+    pub frame: Frame,
+    pub italics_correction: Abs,
+}
+
+impl VariantFragment {
+    pub fn class(&self) -> Option<MathClass> {
+        unicode_math_class::class(self.c)
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct FrameFragment {
+    pub frame: Frame,
+    pub class: MathClass,
+    pub limits: bool,
+}
+
+/// Look up the italics correction for a glyph.
+fn italics_correction(ctx: &MathContext, id: GlyphId) -> Option<Abs> {
+    Some(ctx.table.glyph_info?.italic_corrections?.get(id)?.scaled(ctx))
+}
+
+/// Look up a kerning value at a specific corner and height.
+///
+/// This can be integrated once we've found a font that actually provides this
+/// data.
+#[allow(unused)]
+fn kern_at_height(
+    ctx: &MathContext,
+    id: GlyphId,
+    corner: Corner,
+    height: Abs,
+) -> Option<Abs> {
+    let kerns = ctx.table.glyph_info?.kern_infos?.get(id)?;
+    let kern = match corner {
+        Corner::TopLeft => kerns.top_left,
+        Corner::TopRight => kerns.top_right,
+        Corner::BottomRight => kerns.bottom_right,
+        Corner::BottomLeft => kerns.bottom_left,
+    }?;
+
+    let mut i = 0;
+    while i < kern.count() && height > kern.height(i)?.scaled(ctx) {
+        i += 1;
+    }
+
+    Some(kern.kern(i)?.scaled(ctx))
+}
diff --git a/library/src/math/group.rs b/library/src/math/group.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 4a55e0e8..00000000
--- a/library/src/math/group.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-use super::*;
-
-/// # Floor
-/// A floored expression.
-///
-/// ## Example
-/// ```
-/// $ floor(x/2) $
-/// ```
-///
-/// ## Parameters
-/// - body: Content (positional, required)
-///   The expression to floor.
-///
-/// ## Category
-/// math
-#[func]
-#[capable(Texify)]
-#[derive(Debug, Hash)]
-pub struct FloorNode(pub Content);
-
-#[node]
-impl FloorNode {
-    fn construct(_: &Vm, args: &mut Args) -> SourceResult<Content> {
-        Ok(Self(args.expect("body")?).pack())
-    }
-}
-
-impl Texify for FloorNode {
-    fn texify(&self, t: &mut Texifier) -> SourceResult<()> {
-        t.push_str("\\left\\lfloor ");
-        self.0.texify(t)?;
-        t.push_str("\\right\\rfloor ");
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
-
-/// # Ceil
-/// A ceiled expression.
-///
-/// ## Example
-/// ```
-/// $ ceil(x/2) $
-/// ```
-///
-/// ## Parameters
-/// - body: Content (positional, required)
-///   The expression to ceil.
-///
-/// ## Category
-/// math
-#[func]
-#[capable(Texify)]
-#[derive(Debug, Hash)]
-pub struct CeilNode(pub Content);
-
-#[node]
-impl CeilNode {
-    fn construct(_: &Vm, args: &mut Args) -> SourceResult<Content> {
-        Ok(Self(args.expect("body")?).pack())
-    }
-}
-
-impl Texify for CeilNode {
-    fn texify(&self, t: &mut Texifier) -> SourceResult<()> {
-        t.push_str("\\left\\lceil ");
-        self.0.texify(t)?;
-        t.push_str("\\right\\rceil ");
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
diff --git a/library/src/math/mod.rs b/library/src/math/mod.rs
index 785e027a..14fa9f5d 100644
--- a/library/src/math/mod.rs
+++ b/library/src/math/mod.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 //! Mathematical formulas.
 
+#[macro_use]
+mod ctx;
 mod accent;
 mod atom;
 mod frac;
@@ -8,23 +10,54 @@ mod matrix;
 mod root;
 mod script;
 mod style;
-mod tex;
 
 pub use self::accent::*;
+pub use self::align::*;
 pub use self::atom::*;
+pub use self::braced::*;
 pub use self::frac::*;
-pub use self::group::*;
+pub use self::lr::*;
 pub use self::matrix::*;
+pub use self::op::*;
 pub use self::root::*;
 pub use self::script::*;
 pub use self::style::*;
 
-use typst::model::{Guard, SequenceNode};
-use unicode_segmentation::UnicodeSegmentation;
-
-use self::tex::layout_tex;
+use ttf_parser::GlyphId;
+use ttf_parser::Rect;
+use typst::font::Font;
+use typst::model::{Guard, Scope, SequenceNode};
+use unicode_math_class::MathClass;
+
+use self::ctx::*;
+use self::fragment::*;
+use self::row::*;
+use self::spacing::*;
+use crate::layout::HNode;
+use crate::layout::ParNode;
 use crate::prelude::*;
-use crate::text::{FontFamily, LinebreakNode, SpaceNode, SymbolNode, TextNode};
+use crate::text::LinebreakNode;
+use crate::text::TextNode;
+use crate::text::TextSize;
+use crate::text::{families, variant, FallbackList, FontFamily, SpaceNode, SymbolNode};
+
+/// Hook up all math definitions.
+pub fn define(scope: &mut Scope) {
+    scope.def_func::<MathNode>("math");
+    scope.def_func::<FracNode>("frac");
+    scope.def_func::<ScriptNode>("script");
+    scope.def_func::<SqrtNode>("sqrt");
+    scope.def_func::<VecNode>("vec");
+    scope.def_func::<CasesNode>("cases");
+    scope.def_func::<BoldNode>("bold");
+    scope.def_func::<ItalicNode>("italic");
+    scope.def_func::<SerifNode>("serif");
+    scope.def_func::<SansNode>("sans");
+    scope.def_func::<CalNode>("cal");
+    scope.def_func::<FrakNode>("frak");
+    scope.def_func::<MonoNode>("mono");
+    scope.def_func::<BbNode>("bb");
+}
 
 /// # Math
 /// A mathematical formula.
@@ -67,8 +100,8 @@ use crate::text::{FontFamily, LinebreakNode, SpaceNode, SymbolNode, TextNode};
 /// ```
 ///
 /// ## Parameters
-/// - items: Content (positional, variadic)
-///   The individual parts of the formula.
+/// - body: Content (positional, required)
+///   The contents of the formula.
 ///
 /// - block: bool (named)
 ///   Whether the formula is displayed as a separate block.
@@ -76,21 +109,21 @@ use crate::text::{FontFamily, LinebreakNode, SpaceNode, SymbolNode, TextNode};
 /// ## Category
 /// math
 #[func]
-#[capable(Show, Layout, Inline, Texify)]
+#[capable(Show, Finalize, Layout, Inline, LayoutMath)]
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Hash)]
 pub struct MathNode {
     /// Whether the formula is displayed as a separate block.
     pub block: bool,
-    /// The pieces of the formula.
-    pub children: Vec<Content>,
+    /// The content of the formula.
+    pub body: Content,
 }
 
 #[node]
 impl MathNode {
     fn construct(_: &Vm, args: &mut Args) -> SourceResult<Content> {
+        let body = args.expect("body")?;
         let block = args.named("block")?.unwrap_or(false);
-        let children = args.all()?;
-        Ok(Self { block, children }.pack())
+        Ok(Self { block, body }.pack())
     }
 
     fn field(&self, name: &str) -> Option<Value> {
@@ -125,213 +158,74 @@ impl Layout for MathNode {
         &self,
         vt: &mut Vt,
         styles: StyleChain,
-        _: Regions,
+        regions: Regions,
     ) -> SourceResult<Fragment> {
-        let mut t = Texifier::new(styles);
-        self.texify(&mut t)?;
-        Ok(layout_tex(vt, &t.finish(), self.block, styles)
-            .unwrap_or(Fragment::frame(Frame::new(Size::zero()))))
-    }
-}
-
-impl Inline for MathNode {}
-
-/// Turn a math node into TeX math code.
-#[capability]
-trait Texify {
-    /// Perform the conversion.
-    fn texify(&self, t: &mut Texifier) -> SourceResult<()>;
-
-    /// Texify the node, but trim parentheses..
-    fn texify_unparen(&self, t: &mut Texifier) -> SourceResult<()> {
-        let s = {
-            let mut sub = Texifier::new(t.styles);
-            self.texify(&mut sub)?;
-            sub.finish()
-        };
-
-        let unparened = if s.starts_with("\\left(") && s.ends_with("\\right)") {
-            s[6..s.len() - 7].into()
-        } else {
-            s
+        // Find a math font.
+        let variant = variant(styles);
+        let world = vt.world();
+        let Some(font) = families(styles)
+            .find_map(|family| {
+                let id = world.book().select(family, variant)?;
+                let font = world.font(id)?;
+                let _ = font.ttf().tables().math?.constants?;
+                Some(font)
+            })
+        else {
+            return Ok(Fragment::frame(Frame::new(Size::zero())))
         };
 
-        t.push_str(&unparened);
-        Ok(())
+        let mut ctx = MathContext::new(vt, styles, regions, &font, self.block);
+        let frame = ctx.layout_frame(self)?;
+        Ok(Fragment::frame(frame))
     }
 }
 
-/// Builds the TeX representation of the formula.
-struct Texifier<'a> {
-    tex: EcoString,
-    support: bool,
-    space: bool,
-    styles: StyleChain<'a>,
-}
-
-impl<'a> Texifier<'a> {
-    /// Create a new texifier.
-    fn new(styles: StyleChain<'a>) -> Self {
-        Self {
-            tex: EcoString::new(),
-            support: false,
-            space: false,
-            styles,
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Finish texifier and return the TeX string.
-    fn finish(self) -> EcoString {
-        self.tex
-    }
-
-    /// Push a weak space.
-    fn push_space(&mut self) {
-        self.space = !self.tex.is_empty();
-    }
-
-    /// Mark this position as supportive. This allows a space before or after
-    /// to exist.
-    fn support(&mut self) {
-        self.support = true;
-    }
-
-    /// Flush a space.
-    fn flush(&mut self) {
-        if self.space && self.support {
-            self.tex.push_str("\\ ");
-        }
-
-        self.space = false;
-        self.support = false;
-    }
-
-    /// Push a string.
-    fn push_str(&mut self, s: &str) {
-        self.flush();
-        self.tex.push_str(s);
-    }
+impl Inline for MathNode {}
 
-    /// Escape and push a char for TeX usage.
-    #[rustfmt::skip]
-    fn push_escaped(&mut self, c: char) {
-        self.flush();
-        match c {
-            ' ' => self.tex.push_str("\\ "),
-            '%' | '&' | '$' | '#' => {
-                self.tex.push('\\');
-                self.tex.push(c);
-                self.tex.push(' ');
-            }
-            '{' => self.tex.push_str("\\left\\{"),
-            '}' => self.tex.push_str("\\right\\}"),
-            '[' | '(' => {
-                self.tex.push_str("\\left");
-                self.tex.push(c);
-            }
-            ']' | ')' => {
-                self.tex.push_str("\\right");
-                self.tex.push(c);
-            }
-            'a' ..= 'z' | 'A' ..= 'Z' | '0' ..= '9' | 'Α' ..= 'Ω' | 'α' ..= 'ω' |
-            '*' | '+' | '-' | '?' | '!' | '=' | '<' | '>' |
-            ':' | ',' | ';' | '|' | '/' | '@' | '.' | '"' => self.tex.push(c),
-            c => {
-                if let Some(sym) = unicode_math::SYMBOLS
-                .iter()
-                .find(|sym| sym.codepoint == c) {
-                    self.tex.push('\\');
-                    self.tex.push_str(sym.name);
-                    self.tex.push(' ');
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
+#[capability]
+trait LayoutMath {
+    fn layout_math(&self, ctx: &mut MathContext) -> SourceResult<()>;
 }
 
-impl Texify for MathNode {
-    fn texify(&self, t: &mut Texifier) -> SourceResult<()> {
-        for child in &self.children {
-            child.texify(t)?;
-        }
-        Ok(())
+impl LayoutMath for MathNode {
+    fn layout_math(&self, ctx: &mut MathContext) -> SourceResult<()> {
+        self.body.layout_math(ctx)
     }
 }
 
-impl Texify for Content {
-    fn texify(&self, t: &mut Texifier) -> SourceResult<()> {
+impl LayoutMath for Content {
+    fn layout_math(&self, ctx: &mut MathContext) -> SourceResult<()> {
         if self.is::<SpaceNode>() {
-            t.push_space();
             return Ok(());
         }
 
         if self.is::<LinebreakNode>() {
-            t.push_str("\\");
+            ctx.push(MathFragment::Linebreak);
             return Ok(());
         }
 
         if let Some(node) = self.to::<SymbolNode>() {
             if let Some(c) = symmie::get(&node.0) {
-                t.push_escaped(c);
-                return Ok(());
+                return AtomNode(c.into()).layout_math(ctx);
             } else if let Some(span) = self.span() {
                 bail!(span, "unknown symbol");
             }
         }
 
-        if let Some(node) = self.to::<TextNode>() {
-            t.support();
-            t.push_str("\\mathrm{");
-            for c in node.0.chars() {
-                t.push_escaped(c);
-            }
-            t.push_str("}");
-            t.support();
-            return Ok(());
-        }
-
         if let Some(node) = self.to::<SequenceNode>() {
             for child in &node.0 {
-                child.texify(t)?;
+                child.layout_math(ctx)?;
             }
             return Ok(());
         }
 
-        if let Some(node) = self.with::<dyn Texify>() {
-            return node.texify(t);
-        }
-
-        if let Some(span) = self.span() {
-            bail!(span, "not allowed here");
+        if let Some(node) = self.with::<dyn LayoutMath>() {
+            return node.layout_math(ctx);
         }
 
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
-
-/// # Alignment Point
-/// A math alignment point: `&`, `&&`.
-///
-/// ## Parameters
-/// - index: usize (positional, required)
-///   The alignment point's index.
-///
-/// ## Category
-/// math
-#[func]
-#[capable(Texify)]
-#[derive(Debug, Hash)]
-pub struct AlignPointNode;
-
-#[node]
-impl AlignPointNode {
-    fn construct(_: &Vm, _: &mut Args) -> SourceResult<Content> {
-        Ok(Self.pack())
-    }
-}
+        let frame = ctx.layout_non_math(self)?;
+        ctx.push(frame);
 
-impl Texify for AlignPointNode {
-    fn texify(&self, _: &mut Texifier) -> SourceResult<()> {
         Ok(())
     }
 }
diff --git a/library/src/math/row.rs b/library/src/math/row.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f7b2b384
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/src/math/row.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+use super::*;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default, Clone)]
+pub(super) struct MathRow(pub Vec<MathFragment>);
+
+impl MathRow {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self(vec![])
+    }
+
+    pub fn width(&self) -> Abs {
+        self.0.iter().map(|fragment| fragment.width()).sum()
+    }
+
+    pub fn push(
+        &mut self,
+        font_size: Abs,
+        style: MathStyle,
+        fragment: impl Into<MathFragment>,
+    ) {
+        let fragment = fragment.into();
+        if let Some(fragment_class) = fragment.class() {
+            for (i, prev) in self.0.iter().enumerate().rev() {
+                if matches!(prev, MathFragment::Align) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                let mut amount = Abs::zero();
+                if let MathFragment::Glyph(glyph) = *prev {
+                    if !glyph.italics_correction.is_zero()
+                        && fragment_class != MathClass::Alphabetic
+                    {
+                        amount += glyph.italics_correction;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if let Some(prev_class) = prev.class() {
+                    amount += spacing(prev_class, fragment_class, style).at(font_size);
+                }
+
+                if !amount.is_zero() {
+                    self.0.insert(i + 1, MathFragment::Spacing(amount));
+                }
+
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        self.0.push(fragment);
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_frame(mut self, ctx: &MathContext) -> Frame {
+        if self.0.iter().any(|frag| matches!(frag, MathFragment::Linebreak)) {
+            let mut frame = Frame::new(Size::zero());
+            let fragments = std::mem::take(&mut self.0);
+
+            let leading = ctx.outer.chain(&ctx.map).get(ParNode::LEADING);
+            let rows: Vec<_> = fragments
+                .split(|frag| matches!(frag, MathFragment::Linebreak))
+                .map(|slice| Self(slice.to_vec()))
+                .collect();
+
+            let points = alignments(&rows);
+            for (i, row) in rows.into_iter().enumerate() {
+                let size = frame.size_mut();
+                let sub = row.to_line_frame(ctx, &points);
+                if i > 0 {
+                    size.y += leading;
+                }
+                let pos = Point::with_y(size.y);
+                size.y += sub.height();
+                size.x.set_max(sub.width());
+                frame.push_frame(pos, sub);
+            }
+            frame
+        } else {
+            self.to_line_frame(ctx, &[])
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn to_line_frame(self, ctx: &MathContext, points: &[Abs]) -> Frame {
+        let ascent = self.0.iter().map(MathFragment::ascent).max().unwrap_or_default();
+        let descent = self.0.iter().map(MathFragment::descent).max().unwrap_or_default();
+
+        let size = Size::new(Abs::zero(), ascent + descent);
+        let mut frame = Frame::new(size);
+        let mut x = Abs::zero();
+        frame.set_baseline(ascent);
+
+        let mut fragments = self.0.into_iter().peekable();
+        let mut i = 0;
+        while let Some(fragment) = fragments.next() {
+            if matches!(fragment, MathFragment::Align) {
+                if let Some(&point) = points.get(i) {
+                    x = point;
+                }
+                i += 1;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            let y = ascent - fragment.ascent();
+            let pos = Point::new(x, y);
+            x += fragment.width();
+            frame.push_frame(pos, fragment.to_frame(ctx));
+        }
+
+        frame.size_mut().x = x;
+        frame
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> From<T> for MathRow
+where
+    T: Into<MathFragment>,
+{
+    fn from(fragment: T) -> Self {
+        Self(vec![fragment.into()])
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/doc.rs b/src/doc.rs
index 9e98ec88..d4ad2d93 100644
--- a/src/doc.rs
+++ b/src/doc.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 
 use crate::font::Font;
 use crate::geom::{
-    Abs, Align, Axes, Dir, Em, Numeric, Paint, Point, Shape, Size, Transform,
+    self, Abs, Align, Axes, Color, Dir, Em, Geometry, Numeric, Paint, Point, RgbaColor,
+    Shape, Size, Stroke, Transform,
 };
 use crate::image::Image;
 use crate::model::{
@@ -160,7 +161,7 @@ impl Frame {
         self.size.y
     }
 
-    /// The baseline of the frame.
+    /// The vertical position of the frame's baseline.
     pub fn baseline(&self) -> Abs {
         self.baseline.unwrap_or(self.size.y)
     }
@@ -170,6 +171,19 @@ impl Frame {
         self.baseline = Some(baseline);
     }
 
+    /// The distance from the baseline to the top of the frame.
+    ///
+    /// This is the same as `baseline()`, but more in line with the terminology
+    /// used in math layout.
+    pub fn ascent(&self) -> Abs {
+        self.baseline()
+    }
+
+    /// The distance from the baseline to the bottom of the frame.
+    pub fn descent(&self) -> Abs {
+        self.size.y - self.baseline()
+    }
+
     /// An iterator over the elements inside this frame alongside their
     /// positions relative to the top-left of the frame.
     pub fn elements(&self) -> std::slice::Iter<'_, (Point, Element)> {
diff --git a/src/model/styles.rs b/src/model/styles.rs
index e78d83cd..27c40309 100644
--- a/src/model/styles.rs
+++ b/src/model/styles.rs
@@ -48,6 +48,11 @@ impl StyleMap {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Remove the style that was last set.
+    pub fn unset(&mut self) {
+        self.0.pop();
+    }
+
     /// Whether the map contains a style property for the given key.
     pub fn contains<K: Key>(&self, _: K) -> bool {
         self.0